Drier



March 9, 1937.

4. c. CROWLEY DRIER Filed May 11, 1932 Vz Sheng-sheet 1 *March 9, 1937.J. c. CROWLEY 2,073A91 DRIER Filed May l1, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I; 16/3Z] 50 52 f4 f9- m. o l I sl 55 3f f L: van fol."

Patented Mu, 9, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. f

musa

' John C. Crowley, Cleveland Heights, Ohio, as-

llxnor to The Dill `Mnnufaoturlnx Company, Cleveland, Ohio, acorporation o! Ohio Application May 11, 1932, Serial No. 610,615

' 1o Claims- (Cl. ca -zc) This invention relates to adrier andparticularlyto a drier especially adapted tor use in drying thejhair andscalp, such drierabeng ordinarily found in beauty shope. barber shopsand similar places, although, of course, susceptible of advantageous usein a number ci' other places.

it may he broadly stated that there are two` general types oi driers cithis character inv use end the advantage .or utilizing fresh airthroughout the drying operation. l

The recircnlating type of drier operates on a digerent 'principle fromthe direct type in that substantially the same air is circulated overand over again within the hood oi the lirici-Ln The advantage of therecirculating type. ,oi drier resides in the aot that the heir oi thepersm being treeted is dried from the eclil outwardly toward the outerends of the hair. However, the reoiroulated air in this type ci drier hecomes 'Saturated vsrith.` moisture and .the 'time required for thedrying operation is thereby inaterially increased.

The main object of the presenilnventions ie to provide a drier of thecharacter specied which will dry the hair from the scalp outwardly, asin'tlie reclrculating type ol drier above mentloned, and will also usefresh air throughout the drying operation as in the direct type ofvdrier.

Another object or the mventiqnls'tn provide'.

a drier which is "so constructed l ,fresh dry air will be the activedrylns medium throughout the drying operation A iurther object of theinvention is to provide a'. drier in which the circulated air will beiree from dirt and foreign cubeta-mes. a8 well as irae from moisture; Y

A more specific object of the invention is to provide a-drier whereinthe air is drawn into and. dlschaleed from the drier at a point remotefrom the open end oi the hoodv of the drier.

A further object of the invention is to Provide a drier wherein the pathvof the circulated air is inwardlyv of the drier from adjacent the rearend thereof. forwardly therethrough t a point adjacent the open. end oithe hood, then `rearwardly therethrough and out to atmosphere at a pointremote from the open end the Another object is to. provide a drier whichis of simple construction. is emcient in operation,

and has the necessary facilities for all the ad justments required inactual use.

Additional and further objects of the invenl tion will be pointed outhereinafter during the following detailed description of an embodimentof the invention. which is illustrated in the acconocerlos drawinss.wherein,

me l is a side elevational view of adrier constructed in ,accordancewith the present irl-- ventlon. a portion of the supporting standard for'drier being shown in section:

Fig. 2 le a. itary end view o the-drier shown in Fig. l looking from theright-hand sident said figure, certain portions being broken away toillustrate parte of the drier lying therebehind; a

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary viewoi the drier. partly in section and perth;in side `devotion, the see-- tion through the drier head being avertical longitudinal section taken substantially on line 3 3 oi Fig.i?, looking in the direction oi the arrows;

d le a detail end elevational View ,of the ian used in the drier;

Fig. 5 is a .detailed sectional View of a fan and ie' takensubstantially on line 5 5, oi Fig. 4, lool:- xig in the directionoli-the arrows; and

Fig. 6 la a fragmentary longitudinal' sectional view' through thestandard and hase or pedestal, on an enlarged scale from Fig. l.

in describing the drier shown in the several views of the drawings, thecorresponding parte oi the drier will loe designated by the samereference characters throughout the @fr viewt.

The drier includes three main parte, namely, a head or drier portion i8,a supporting standard il. and 'a base or pedestal in., The head or drierportion i@ comprises o.v main casting it forming the support for theoperative parts of the head and havingr a.v reduced annular portion i3dand an enlarged substantially conical portion ith. me portion i3d oi'the casting i3 is provided with a rearwardly facing (that is toward theleft as viewed in Fig. 3) substantially conical recess id into whichextend a phlrality oi circumierentially paced ribs" lo havlnir openingstherein through .am Project ediustable supporting bolts le for 'enelectric motor n, it beine noted niet sale y be accurately centered-'inthe recess7 :it .te ne 'ns of the belts is.

The. hinter il beine supported at a. plurality ofclrcniferentiallyseparated points and in spaced' lfeltloh to the conicalwall of the recess i4, it will heleen that a. substantially emular unob-'et'rticted 'passageway lla is provided between the :noto: and thecasting I3, such passageway comat its left-hand end. (as viewed in Fig.3) ,"Wlth'the enlarged portion of the conical recess Hand at itsright-hand; end with the interior of to a. base 56. The tubular member56, as will be understood-is adapted to be raised and lowered in thetubular member 51 in order to vary the verticalvheight of the drier andthe location of the l drier head. Secured to the tubular member 56 is aspring-pressed latch 59 and a vertically extending member 66, suchmember being stationarily mounted with respect to the tubular member 56and having a series of openings 6| along one of its edges and adapted toreceive the latch mem- ,ber 59, whereby, when the latch member is inengagement with any one of the,l openings 6|, the tubular member 56 willbe supported in whatever position of vertical adjustment it may be in. Amember 62 extends parallel with the member 60 and is provided with aplurality of snubbing projections 63 which are upon the edge of themember 62 corresponding tothe edge of the member 60 in which therecesses 6| are formed, such the latch 59to push said latch out ofengagement with the recesses 6|. The member 62 has an extension 64 atits lower end that is articulated to a lever B5 pivoted at 66 andprovided with a foot engaging portion 61 extending through an opening inthe base 58, whereby when the portion 6i is depressed the member 62 willbe elevated and thelatch 59 moved out of engagement with the particularopening 6| with which at the time it is in engagement. Surrounding theextension 64 is a spring 68 which at one end abuts against a partitionwall 69 of the base 58 and at its opposite end abuts against a collarlil secured upon the i extension 64, and thus the member 62 is normallymaintained in its, lowermost position and the foot engaging portion 61is -held above the base 53 in position to bedepressed by the foot oftheV operator.

In using thev drier, the operator depresses the portion Si to enable thetubular member 5S to be moved upwardly or downwardly within the tubularmember 51 to adjust the'drier head to the proper height, after which theportion 61 is allowed to return to its normal position and the latch 59will engage in the adjacent opening 6| of the member 66 and-hold thetubular members 56 and 5i in the relative positions to which they havebeen moved. The operator may then adjust the drier head angularly toproperly position thev V same with respect to the head of the personbeing treated, such adjustment being eected by rotating the knob 45 inthe proper desired direction. It being assumed that the lter 50 is inposition in the drier, the operator then manipulates the switches 46 and47 to eiect the heating of the elements 33 and the operation of themotor Il. The rotation of the motor I1 rotates in turn the compound fan,and the blades 3| forming the Y 'i outer fan draw air into the drierhead through the openings 53 in the cover plate 5 I, through the grooveI8 and the .openings 20, and into the compound fan between thesleeve-like portion |30 of the casting and the blades 3|, as clearlyindicated by the arrows in Fig. 3. The air then passes radiallyoutwardly of the compound fan between the blades 3| of the. outer ianand through the recess I8 in the portion |3b' of the casting, fromwhence it passes overthe heating elements 33 and into the hood member.2| exteriorly of the inner hood member 35, such movement of the airbeing also indicated bythe arrows in Fig. 3. The air Adrawn into thedrier head by the blades 3| of the compound ian is theniorced in awhirling convolute path through the outer hood member 2| and around theexterioof the inner conical hood snubbing projections engaging with aportion of member 35. vThis whirling path of the air is gradually connedto a narrow passageway due to the increased diameter ofthe inner hoodmember 35 toward the open end of the drier head until the air passesbetween the cylindrical portion 36 of the inner hood member andthe outerhood member and into. the reentrant conical flange portion 22 of theouter hood member. The reentrant conical iiange portion 22 acts as abaille andtdeiiects substantially all of theair into the inner hoodmember 35. Since the ian blades 25 are oppositely disposed with respectto the blades 3i, the rotation of the blades 25 acts to draw air inthrough the open end of the drier head and to force the same toward therear of the head. This action of the blades 25, therefore, draws the airwhich has been deflected by the ange portion 22 of the` outer hoodmember into the inner hood member rearwardly through the inner hoodmember, in whirling paths and through the sleeve 29 and passageways Masurrounding the motor il, thence outwardly through the recess i4 and'the openings 55 in the cover plate 5|, as clearly indicated by thearrows in Fig. 3.

The effect of the air currents set up within the drier head upon thehead of the person being treated is such that the hair of the patient isdrawn away from the scalp and is uied or ruiiled, thus allowing themoisture to be drawn therefrom from the scalp outwardly to the hair andto be carried thro h the drier head and discharged out of the nings 55.As soon as the air passing over the elements 53 is heated there will be,in addition to. thedrawing action oi' the air, a heating action upon thehair, thus 3 speeding up the time required for the drying operation. Itwill be noted that since `all or the incoming air must pass through theiilter 5U the air will be cleanv and free from foreign substances andthat, since the air which absorbs the moisture is discharged from thedrier so as not to mingle with the incoming air, there is no likelihoodof the circulated air within the drier becoming saturated with moistureand clean free air will be moving through the drier at all times duringthe drying operation.

Although a preferred embodiment of the invention has been illustratedand described herein, it should be understood that the invention issusceptible of various modifications and adaptations within the scope ofthe appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In a drier oi the character described, a head having separatepassages therein one of which forms an inlet passage and. another ofwhich forms anl outlet passage, means in said inlet passage for drawingair into the same, means in said outlet passage for forcing airoutwardly thereof, and hood members associated with said head andcommunicating with said passages at their ends which are adjacent tosaid head and each lbeing open at its opposite end, said hood membersbeing formed to .direct the air drawn into the drierl through said inletpassage toward the open ends of the hood members and to then redirectthe same toward the outlet passage of the drier. y

2. Ina drier of the class described, ahead including a, supportingmember and hood members secured thereto, said supporting member beingprovided with separate inlet and outlet passages, means in the head fordrawing air into said inlet passage and means in the head for forcingair outwardly through said outlet pasincoming air.

sage, said hood members comprising an outer member and an inner membersecured at one of their ends to said supporting member with the outerhood member in communication with said inlet passage and the inner hoodmember in communication with said outlet passage, said hood members bothbeing open at their free ends with the outer hood member having aportion for defiecting the air circulated therethrough into the innerhood member, and air heating means arranged in said drier head in thepath of the 3. In a drier of the class described, a head including asupporting member and inner and outer hood members secured to saidsupporting member and extending outwardly therefrom with their free endsopen, said supporting member beingY provided with a passagecommunicating with the interior of said outer hood member and with theatmosphere and with a separate passage communicating with the interioroi said inner hood member and with the atmosphere, means in said rstnamed passage for drawing air from the atmosphere into the same andforcing it toward the open end of said outer hood member, said outerhood member being provided at its open end with means for directing theair inwardly of said inner hood member, and means in said second .namedpassage for drawing the air thus directed into the inner hood memberrearwardly of the same and through said second named passage to theatmosphere.

4. In a drier of the class described, a head including a supportingmember and inner and outer hood members secured to said supportingmember and extending outwardly therefrom with their free ends open, saidsupporting member being provided with a passage communicating with theinterior of said outer hood member and with the atmosphere and with aseparate passage communicating with the interior or said inner hoodmember and Withthe atmosphere and substantially surrounded by said rstnamed pamage, means in said first named passage for drawing air from theatmosphere into the same and for forcing it toward the open end of saidouter hood member, said outer hood member being provided at its open endwith means for directing the air inwardly pf said inner hood meinber,and means in said second named passage for drawing the air thus directedinto the inner hood member rearwardly of the same and through saidsecond named passage to the atmosphere.`

5. In a drier of the character described, a head having means forming apassage and extending substantially from one end of the head to theother end thereof, and means forming a second passage of substantiallythe same length but separate from said i'lrst named passage and'substantially surrounded thereby, a fan arranged in said rst namedpassage for drawing air into the same, a fan arranged in said secondnamed passage for forcing air outwardly thereof, said fans beingconcentrically mounted, and means for deiiecting air passing throughsaid ilrst named passage into .said second named passage.

6. In a drier of the character described, a head comprising a supportingmember having an outer hood member and an inner hood member securedthereto and both provided with open outer ends,

, said supporting Amember being provided vwith a aoraeor member and withthe atmosphere, said supporting member also being provided with a secondpassage separate from but substantially embraced by said rst namedpassage and communicating with said inner hood member and with theatmosphere, a fan for circulating air through said rst named passage inone direction, a fan for circulating air through said second namedpassage in the opposite direction, and means at the open end of theouter hood member for directing the air from said first named passageinto the inner hood member and toward said second named passage.

7. In a drier of the character described, a head comprising a supportingmember having a passage therethrough forming an inlet passage and asecond separate passage therethrough forming an outlet passage, aheating element arranged in said rst passage, a hood member secured tosaid supporting member with one of its ends in communication with saidinlet passage and with its opposite end open and provided with areentrant ange, a second hood member arranged within the rst named hoodmember and secured to said supporting member with its inner endcommunieating with said outlet passage and its outer end open and formedto surround inv spaced relation the reentrant flange on the rst namedhood member, and means in said supporting member for drawing air intosaid inlet passage and for forcing air outwardly of said outlet passage.

8. In a drier of the character described, ahead comprising a supportingmember having an inlet passage and a separate outlet passage, a hoodmember secured to said supporting member and communicating with saidinlet passage, said hood member having its outer end open and providedwith a reentrant flange, a second hood member within the rst hood memberand secured to said supporting member and communicating with said outletpassage and having its outer end open and surrounding in spaced relationthe reentrant iiarigek of said rst named hood member, oppositelydisposed fans in said inlet and outlet passages respectively, meansarranged in said outlet passage for operating said fans, and a heatingelement arranged in said inlet passage.

l 9. In a drier of the character described, a head comprising asupporting member having an inlet passage and a separate outlet passage,a hood member secured to saidmsupporting member and communicating withsaid inlet passage, said hood member having its outer end open andprovided with a reentrant flange, a second hood member arranged withinthe first hood member and secured to said supporting member and communiV eating with said outlet passage and having its outer end open andsurrounding in'spaced relation the reentrant ange of said'first namedhood member, a compound fanrmounted in said supporting member and havinga series of blades functioning in said inlet passage and a second seriesof blades functioning in the outlet passage, and a heating elementarrangedin said inlet passage.

10. In hair drying apparatus, a hood adapted to be placed over the usershead and comprising spaced inner and outer shells, means in the lowerportion of said hood to direct streams of air against the users head,and fan means mounted to rotate across the upper end oi both spacesdened by said shells and pitched so as to move the air in said spaces inopposite directions.

JOHN' C. CROWLEY.

